How to descale an espresso machine?

A good espresso starts with a clean and well-maintained machine. Over time, limescale builds up in pipes and parts, reducing flow and spoiling the flavour of your coffee. Regular descaling prevents these issues and ensures your cup of coffee is always rich and full of aroma. With a clear step-by-step plan and the right products, you can keep your espresso machine in top condition and enjoy worry-free coffee moments for longer.

How often should you descale an espresso machine?

Most espresso machines need descaling every one to three months. This depends on your water hardness and how often you make coffee. In areas with hard water, you might need to descale after just one month. With soft water, a longer interval is usually fine. Signs it’s time to descale include slower flow, louder noises during brewing, or coffee that’s less hot than usual.

What you need for descaling

For descaling, you need a suitable descaling product, clean water, and a drip tray. Preferably choose a product based on citric acid or lactic acid, as these are safe for most machines and don’t leave a strong aftertaste. Avoid vinegar, as it can damage metal and rubber parts. Make sure the water reservoir is empty and clean before you start, and consider wearing gloves if you’re working with a concentrated solution.

How to descale your espresso machine

Step 1: Empty and clean the reservoir
Remove any leftover water and rinse the reservoir briefly.

Step 2: Add descaling solution
Mix the descaling product with water according to the instructions on the packaging and pour it into the reservoir.

Step 3: Start the descaling programme
Select the descaling programme on the display or via the control buttons of your machine.

Step 4: Let it work halfway through
Pause the programme when prompted and let the solution sit for a few minutes to loosen the limescale.

Step 5: Run rinse cycles
After the programme finishes, rinse the reservoir and pipes with clean water, repeating at least twice.

Step 6: Clean the brew group and loose parts
Clean the brew group, steam wand, and other removable parts with lukewarm water and let them dry before putting them back.

Can you descale an espresso machine without vinegar?

Yes, and it’s actually recommended. Vinegar can damage metal, rubber seals, and plastic parts, shortening your machine’s lifespan. It also often leaves a strong smell and taste that’s hard to remove. Safe alternatives are descaling products based on citric acid or lactic acid. These are effective against limescale and gentler on internal parts. Many manufacturers also offer their own products tailored to their machines.

Tips for longer enjoyment of your machine

Use filtered water where possible to reduce limescale build-up. Besides descaling, regularly clean the brew group, steam wand, and water reservoir. Keep a maintenance schedule so you don’t miss a session. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions and use products suitable for your espresso machine type. By keeping up these habits, your machine will run smoothly and your coffee quality will stay consistently high.